Sources of Electronic Waste
- Electronic waste is generated from multiple avenues, including:
- Households: Old mobile phones, laptops, TVs, refrigerators, batteries.
- Offices & Businesses: Outdated computers, printers, keyboards, fax machines.
- Industrial & Medical Equipment:Defective circuit boards, sensors, X-ray machines.
- Telecommunication & IT Sector:cables, routers, old servers, modems.
- Retail & Consumer Electronics:Damaged chargers, headphones, remote controls.
Types of Recyclable Waste
Recyclable waste includes a variety of materials that can be processed and reused:
- Metals: Gold, silver, copper, aluminum (found in circuit boards, wiring, casings).
- Plastics: Used in computer monitors, keyboards, and phone cases.
- Glass: Present in TV screens and computer monitors.
- Batteries: Lithium-ion, lead-acid, and nickel-cadmium batteries.
Environmental Impact
E-waste has severe environmental and health consequences:
Toxic Pollution: E-waste contains hazardous substances like lead, mercury, and cadmium, which contaminate soil and water.
Health Risks: Exposure to toxic e-waste chemicals can lead to respiratory diseases, kidney damage, and neurological disorders.
Landfill Overflow: E-waste takes up space in landfills and releases harmful gases when burned.
Resource Depletion: Electronic devices contain precious metals that require extensive mining if not recycled.
Facts about Electronic Waste
- India generates over 5 million tonnes of e-waste annually, with only 20% being recycled properly.
- Recycling 1 million mobile phones can recover 16,000 kg of copper, 350 kg of silver, and 34 kg of gold.
- Recycling one computer can save enough energy to power a home for a year.
- Proper e-waste recycling can reduce 70% of toxic environmental pollution caused by electronic waste.